Thymosin B-4 (TB-4)

Description

Introduction to Thymosin Beta 4 (Research Use Only)

Thymosin Beta 4 (TB-500) is a naturally occurring peptide composed of 43 amino acids, with the sequence:
Ac-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro-Asp-Met-Ala-Glu-Ile-Glu-Gly-Phe-Thr-Glu-Lys-Lys-Ser-Lys-Glu-Thr-Glu-Val-Leu-Ser-His-Gln-Lys-Glu-Gln-Lys-Ser-Glu-Glu-Gly-Ala-Glu-Gly-Lys-Phe-Lys-Thr-Lys-Ala.

It is found throughout various tissues in the body and has been extensively studied in research models focused on cell migration, angiogenesis, inflammation, tissue regeneration, and immune function.

Key Areas of Study

1. Wound Repair and Tissue Regeneration

Thymosin Beta 4 has been shown in preclinical studies to promote cell migration, increase angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels), and support extracellular matrix remodeling, all of which are critical in the wound healing process.

2. Inflammatory Response Modulation

Laboratory research has investigated TB-500’s ability to regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines, making it a focus of studies related to chronic inflammation and immune-mediated conditions such as arthritis.

3. Muscle Recovery Models

TB-500 has been used in research related to muscle injury and regeneration, particularly in models of trauma or surgical recovery. It may enhance muscle fiber repair and vascularization.

4. Cardiac Tissue Studies

Experimental models have examined the effect of Thymosin Beta 4 on myocardial repair following ischemic injury. Findings suggest potential roles in reducing infarct size and supporting neovascularization in cardiac tissue.

5. Ocular Research

TB-500 has been studied in models of corneal injury and dry eye. It may support epithelial repair and inflammation control in ocular surface tissues.

6. Hair Follicle and Scalp Health

Animal studies have explored TB-500’s ability to support hair follicle activity and dermal blood flow, particularly in the context of hair cycle regulation and follicle vitality.

7. Skin Healing and Cellular Renewal

In vitro and in vivo research has evaluated TB-500’s contribution to skin regeneration, dermal remodeling, and fibroblast function, suggesting potential utility in scar formation and post-injury recovery.

8. Oxidative Stress and Cellular Protection

Studies suggest Thymosin Beta 4 may reduce oxidative stress markers and protect cells from free radical damage, contributing to overall cellular resilience.

9. Immune System Support

TB-500 plays a role in T-cell maturation and other immune cell signaling pathways. It is being evaluated in immunological models related to infection recovery and immune regulation.

10. Bone Regeneration

Preclinical studies have investigated TB-500’s effects on osteoblast activity and bone matrix formation, which may play a role in fracture healing and bone density support.

11. Cardiovascular Function

Beyond heart-specific effects, TB-500 may support vascular health via promotion of endothelial integrity and enhanced blood flow in peripheral tissue models.

Supporting References (Scientific and Medical Journals)

• Goldstein, A. L. et al. (2005). Thymosin beta 4: a multi-functional regenerative peptide. Basic and Applied Myology, 15(6), 243–250.
• Bock-Marquette, I. et al. (2004). Thymosin beta 4 activates integrin-linked kinase and promotes cardiac cell migration, survival, and cardiac repair. Nature, 432(7016), 466–472. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03000
• Philp, D. et al. (2003). Thymosin beta 4 promotes dermal wound healing. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 121(5), 902–909. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12564.x
• Smart, N. et al. (2007). Thymosin beta 4 induces adult epicardial progenitor mobilization and neovascularization. Nature, 445(7124), 177–182. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05383
• Crockford, D. (2007). Thymosin beta 4: structure, function, and therapeutic applications. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 7(10), 1435–1444. https://doi.org/10.1517/14712598.7.10.1435

Disclaimer:
Thymosin Beta 4 (TB-500) is a research chemical and is not approved by the FDA for human consumption or therapeutic use. It is intended strictly for laboratory research purposes only. Any discussion of effects is based on animal studies and in vitro research models, and does not imply human efficacy or safety. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.